python小练习（072）：简单游戏AI设计之四（带AI的贪食蛇）

jerryxjr1220 · 发表于 2017-2-9 15:02:48

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上一节已经做出了个可以自动找食物的贪食蛇，但是这条“笨蛇”既贪心又不够智能，所以往往自己把自己“嫩”死。

后面两节就要让这条蛇聪明一点，并且不要这么“贪心”，俗话讲“心急吃不了热豆腐”嘛。

由于贪食蛇的最优路径决策是依据board的最优路径决策表来选择的，所以记录每一步的最优路径决策表就至关重要了。

在上次的代码上加上以下代码，记录每一步的决策表。

f = open('snake.log','w')
init()
board_reset()
show()
board_refresh()
while not isdead():
time.sleep(0.3)
choose_shortest()
move()
eatfood()
if len(food) == 0:
putfood()
board_reset()
show()
board_refresh()
for i in range(len(board)):
f.write(str(board[i])+'\n')
f.write('='*50 + '\n')
f.close()
print('Game Over!')

复制代码

这样，我们就能翻看每次贪食蛇是怎么死的了。

来看其中某一次的决策表：
==================================================
[9, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 18]
[10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]
[9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
[8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17]
[7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]
[8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17]
[9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
[8, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]
[-1, -1, -1, 6, 7, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]
[0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 19]
==================================================
[9, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 18]
[10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]
[9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
[8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17]
[7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]
[8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17]
[9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
[8, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]
[-1, -1, -1, 6, 7, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]
[-1, 0, -1, -1, -1, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 19]
==================================================
[9, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 18]
[10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]
[9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
[8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17]
[7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]
[8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17]
[9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]
[8, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]
[-1, -1, -1, 6, 7, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]
[-1, -1, -1, -1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 19]
==================================================

其中-1代表蛇身，0代表此处空格与食物之间没有路径，除0和-1以外的数字代表每个空格到食物的最短路径。
但是由于0比其他数字要小，当蛇头附近有0存在时，笨蛇就会走进死胡同而自杀了。
知道了，问题点就很好办了，把0排除在最优选择范围以外。

修改半成品代码：

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修改完的贪食蛇已经不会自杀了，看如下的决策表。
==================================================
[9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 26]
[10, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27]
[9, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26]
[8, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25]
[7, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]
[6, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, -1, -1, -1, -1, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25]
[5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, -1, -1, -1, -1, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26]
[4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, -1, -1, -1, 24, 23, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27]
[3, 2, -1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 10, -1, -1, 25, 24, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28]
[2, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 25, 26, 25, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 27]
==================================================
[9, 10, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 24]
[10, 9, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25]
[9, 8, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]
[8, 7, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23]
[7, 6, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]
[4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, -1, -1, 22, 21, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25]
[-1, -1, -1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8, -1, -1, 23, 22, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26]
[0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 23, 24, 23, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 25]
==================================================
[9, 10, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 24]
[10, 9, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25]
[9, 8, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]
[8, 7, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23]
[7, 6, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, -1, -1, -1, -1, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]
[-1, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8, -1, 22, 21, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25]
[-1, -1, -1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8, -1, -1, 23, 22, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26]
[0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 23, 24, 23, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 25]
==================================================
[9, 10, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 24]
[10, 9, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25]
[9, 8, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]
[8, 7, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23]
[7, 6, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, -1, -1, -1, -1, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 9, -1, -1, -1, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]
[-1, -1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, -1, 22, 21, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25]
[-1, -1, -1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8, -1, -1, 23, 22, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26]
[0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 23, 24, 23, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 25]
==================================================

下面再来看一种更极端的情况，蛇头与食物之间没有路径，如下决策表：
==================================================
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 11, 12, 11]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 13, 14, 13, 12, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 10, 11, 12]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, -1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, -1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, -1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 10, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, -1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8]
==================================================
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 11, 12, 11]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 13, 14, 13, 12, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 10, 11, 12]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, -1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, -1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, -1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 12, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, -1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8]
==================================================
[8, 9, 8, 9, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0]
[9, 8, 7, 8, 9, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0]
[8, 7, 6, 7, 8, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[7, 6, 5, 6, 7, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[4, 3, 2, 3, 4, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 6, 5, 6, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
==================================================
[8, 9, 8, 9, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0]
[9, 8, 7, 8, 9, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0]
[8, 7, 6, 7, 8, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[7, 6, 5, 6, 7, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[4, 3, 2, 3, 4, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 6, 5, 6, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
==================================================
[8, 9, 8, 9, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0]
[9, 8, 7, 8, 9, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0]
[8, 7, 6, 7, 8, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[7, 6, 5, 6, 7, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[4, 3, 2, 3, 4, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 6, 5, 6, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
==================================================
[8, 9, 8, 9, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0]
[9, 8, 7, 8, 9, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0]
[8, 7, 6, 7, 8, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[7, 6, 5, 6, 7, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[4, 3, 2, 3, 4, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 6, 5, 6, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
==================================================
[8, 9, 8, 9, 8, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0]
[9, 8, 7, 8, 9, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[8, 7, 6, 7, 8, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[7, 6, 5, 6, 7, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[4, 3, 2, 3, 4, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1]
[5, 4, 3, 4, 5, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[6, 5, 4, 5, 6, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[5, 6, 5, 6, 5, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
==================================================

可以看到蛇身把地图分成了两半，当食物出现在蛇身的另一边时，贪食蛇已经找不到方向了。
当遇到这种情况下，我们就需要引入一个新的决策机制，这个我们在下一节中讨论，敬请期待。

Eooming · 发表于 2017-5-26 21:11:01

试试

P先生 · 发表于 2017-6-26 09:48:06

提示: 作者被禁止或删除内容自动屏蔽

zzm00 · 发表于 2017-12-6 22:25:17

厉害

yyf900524 · 发表于 2017-12-11 15:58:15

顶起来

kyza90123 · 发表于 2018-3-4 23:26:51

谢谢大佬

红霉素 · 发表于 2018-3-27 10:09:29

ABC23 · 发表于 2018-4-22 01:12:03

huuifu

小cp · 发表于 2019-3-1 23:43:08

橘喵喵 · 发表于 2019-5-16 19:19:13

加油

吴笑 · 发表于 2019-5-16 20:40:26

xiexie 看看

diracle · 发表于 2019-7-15 21:47:33

顶顶顶顶顶

qaz123765 · 发表于 2019-7-16 08:31:50

看看

jzcg001 · 发表于 2020-3-28 19:26:26

学习！

wujiwuhui · 发表于 2020-3-28 21:34:32

认真看看，学习一下。

cupbbboom · 发表于 2020-3-31 15:54:15

这些逻辑怎么坚持想下去的啊，大佬

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[技术交流] python小练习（072）：简单游戏AI设计之四（带AI的贪食蛇）

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